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+=pod
+
+=head1 NAME
+
+openssl - OpenSSL command line tool
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+B<openssl>
+I<command>
+[ I<command_opts> ]
+[ I<command_args> ]
+
+B<openssl> B<list> [ B<standard-commands> | B<digest-commands> | B<cipher-commands> | B<cipher-algorithms> | B<digest-algorithms> | B<public-key-algorithms>]
+
+B<openssl> B<no->I<XXX> [ I<arbitrary options> ]
+
+=head1 DESCRIPTION
+
+OpenSSL is a cryptography toolkit implementing the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL
+v2/v3) and Transport Layer Security (TLS v1) network protocols and related
+cryptography standards required by them.
+
+The B<openssl> program is a command line tool for using the various
+cryptography functions of OpenSSL's B<crypto> library from the shell.
+It can be used for
+
+ o Creation and management of private keys, public keys and parameters
+ o Public key cryptographic operations
+ o Creation of X.509 certificates, CSRs and CRLs
+ o Calculation of Message Digests
+ o Encryption and Decryption with Ciphers
+ o SSL/TLS Client and Server Tests
+ o Handling of S/MIME signed or encrypted mail
+ o Time Stamp requests, generation and verification
+
+=head1 COMMAND SUMMARY
+
+The B<openssl> program provides a rich variety of commands (I<command> in the
+SYNOPSIS above), each of which often has a wealth of options and arguments
+(I<command_opts> and I<command_args> in the SYNOPSIS).
+
+Many commands use an external configuration file for some or all of their
+arguments and have a B<-config> option to specify that file.
+The environment variable B<OPENSSL_CONF> can be used to specify
+the location of the file.
+If the environment variable is not specified, then the file is named
+B<openssl.cnf> in the default certificate storage area, whose value
+depends on the configuration flags specified when the OpenSSL
+was built.
+
+The list parameters B<standard-commands>, B<digest-commands>,
+and B<cipher-commands> output a list (one entry per line) of the names
+of all standard commands, message digest commands, or cipher commands,
+respectively, that are available in the present B<openssl> utility.
+
+The list parameters B<cipher-algorithms> and
+B<digest-algorithms> list all cipher and message digest names, one entry per line. Aliases are listed as:
+
+ from => to
+
+The list parameter B<public-key-algorithms> lists all supported public
+key algorithms.
+
+The command B<no->I<XXX> tests whether a command of the
+specified name is available. If no command named I<XXX> exists, it
+returns 0 (success) and prints B<no->I<XXX>; otherwise it returns 1
+and prints I<XXX>. In both cases, the output goes to B<stdout> and
+nothing is printed to B<stderr>. Additional command line arguments
+are always ignored. Since for each cipher there is a command of the
+same name, this provides an easy way for shell scripts to test for the
+availability of ciphers in the B<openssl> program. (B<no->I<XXX> is
+not able to detect pseudo-commands such as B<quit>,
+B<list>, or B<no->I<XXX> itself.)
+
+=head2 Standard Commands
+
+=over 4
+
+=item L<B<asn1parse>|asn1parse(1)>
+
+Parse an ASN.1 sequence.
+
+=item L<B<ca>|ca(1)>
+
+Certificate Authority (CA) Management.
+
+=item L<B<ciphers>|ciphers(1)>
+
+Cipher Suite Description Determination.
+
+=item L<B<cms>|cms(1)>
+
+CMS (Cryptographic Message Syntax) utility.
+
+=item L<B<crl>|crl(1)>
+
+Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Management.
+
+=item L<B<crl2pkcs7>|crl2pkcs7(1)>
+
+CRL to PKCS#7 Conversion.
+
+=item L<B<dgst>|dgst(1)>
+
+Message Digest Calculation.
+
+=item B<dh>
+
+Diffie-Hellman Parameter Management.
+Obsoleted by L<B<dhparam>|dhparam(1)>.
+
+=item L<B<dhparam>|dhparam(1)>
+
+Generation and Management of Diffie-Hellman Parameters. Superseded by
+L<B<genpkey>|genpkey(1)> and L<B<pkeyparam>|pkeyparam(1)>.
+
+=item L<B<dsa>|dsa(1)>
+
+DSA Data Management.
+
+=item L<B<dsaparam>|dsaparam(1)>
+
+DSA Parameter Generation and Management. Superseded by
+L<B<genpkey>|genpkey(1)> and L<B<pkeyparam>|pkeyparam(1)>.
+
+=item L<B<ec>|ec(1)>
+
+EC (Elliptic curve) key processing.
+
+=item L<B<ecparam>|ecparam(1)>
+
+EC parameter manipulation and generation.
+
+=item L<B<enc>|enc(1)>
+
+Encoding with Ciphers.
+
+=item L<B<engine>|engine(1)>
+
+Engine (loadable module) information and manipulation.
+
+=item L<B<errstr>|errstr(1)>
+
+Error Number to Error String Conversion.
+
+=item B<gendh>
+
+Generation of Diffie-Hellman Parameters.
+Obsoleted by L<B<dhparam>|dhparam(1)>.
+
+=item L<B<gendsa>|gendsa(1)>
+
+Generation of DSA Private Key from Parameters. Superseded by
+L<B<genpkey>|genpkey(1)> and L<B<pkey>|pkey(1)>.
+
+=item L<B<genpkey>|genpkey(1)>
+
+Generation of Private Key or Parameters.
+
+=item L<B<genrsa>|genrsa(1)>
+
+Generation of RSA Private Key. Superseded by L<B<genpkey>|genpkey(1)>.
+
+=item L<B<nseq>|nseq(1)>
+
+Create or examine a Netscape certificate sequence.
+
+=item L<B<ocsp>|ocsp(1)>
+
+Online Certificate Status Protocol utility.
+
+=item L<B<passwd>|passwd(1)>
+
+Generation of hashed passwords.
+
+=item L<B<pkcs12>|pkcs12(1)>
+
+PKCS#12 Data Management.
+
+=item L<B<pkcs7>|pkcs7(1)>
+
+PKCS#7 Data Management.
+
+=item L<B<pkcs8>|pkcs8(1)>
+
+PKCS#8 format private key conversion tool.
+
+=item L<B<pkey>|pkey(1)>
+
+Public and private key management.
+
+=item L<B<pkeyparam>|pkeyparam(1)>
+
+Public key algorithm parameter management.
+
+=item L<B<pkeyutl>|pkeyutl(1)>
+
+Public key algorithm cryptographic operation utility.
+
+=item L<B<rand>|rand(1)>
+
+Generate pseudo-random bytes.
+
+=item L<B<rehash>|rehash(1)>
+
+Create symbolic links to certificate and CRL files named by the hash values.
+
+=item L<B<req>|req(1)>
+
+PKCS#10 X.509 Certificate Signing Request (CSR) Management.
+
+=item L<B<rsa>|rsa(1)>
+
+RSA key management.
+
+
+=item L<B<rsautl>|rsautl(1)>
+
+RSA utility for signing, verification, encryption, and decryption. Superseded
+by L<B<pkeyutl>|pkeyutl(1)>.
+
+=item L<B<s_client>|s_client(1)>
+
+This implements a generic SSL/TLS client which can establish a transparent
+connection to a remote server speaking SSL/TLS. It's intended for testing
+purposes only and provides only rudimentary interface functionality but
+internally uses mostly all functionality of the OpenSSL B<ssl> library.
+
+=item L<B<s_server>|s_server(1)>
+
+This implements a generic SSL/TLS server which accepts connections from remote
+clients speaking SSL/TLS. It's intended for testing purposes only and provides
+only rudimentary interface functionality but internally uses mostly all
+functionality of the OpenSSL B<ssl> library. It provides both an own command
+line oriented protocol for testing SSL functions and a simple HTTP response
+facility to emulate an SSL/TLS-aware webserver.
+
+=item L<B<s_time>|s_time(1)>
+
+SSL Connection Timer.
+
+=item L<B<sess_id>|sess_id(1)>
+
+SSL Session Data Management.
+
+=item L<B<smime>|smime(1)>
+
+S/MIME mail processing.
+
+=item L<B<speed>|speed(1)>
+
+Algorithm Speed Measurement.
+
+=item L<B<spkac>|spkac(1)>
+
+SPKAC printing and generating utility.
+
+=item L<B<ts>|ts(1)>
+
+Time Stamping Authority tool (client/server).
+
+=item L<B<verify>|verify(1)>
+
+X.509 Certificate Verification.
+
+=item L<B<version>|version(1)>
+
+OpenSSL Version Information.
+
+=item L<B<x509>|x509(1)>
+
+X.509 Certificate Data Management.
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Message Digest Commands
+
+=over 4
+
+=item B<md2>
+
+MD2 Digest
+
+=item B<md5>
+
+MD5 Digest
+
+=item B<mdc2>
+
+MDC2 Digest
+
+=item B<rmd160>
+
+RMD-160 Digest
+
+=item B<sha>
+
+SHA Digest
+
+=item B<sha1>
+
+SHA-1 Digest
+
+=item B<sha224>
+
+SHA-224 Digest
+
+=item B<sha256>
+
+SHA-256 Digest
+
+=item B<sha384>
+
+SHA-384 Digest
+
+=item B<sha512>
+
+SHA-512 Digest
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Encoding and Cipher Commands
+
+=over 4
+
+=item B<base64>
+
+Base64 Encoding
+
+=item B<bf bf-cbc bf-cfb bf-ecb bf-ofb>
+
+Blowfish Cipher
+
+=item B<cast cast-cbc>
+
+CAST Cipher
+
+=item B<cast5-cbc cast5-cfb cast5-ecb cast5-ofb>
+
+CAST5 Cipher
+
+=item B<des des-cbc des-cfb des-ecb des-ede des-ede-cbc des-ede-cfb des-ede-ofb des-ofb>
+
+DES Cipher
+
+=item B<des3 desx des-ede3 des-ede3-cbc des-ede3-cfb des-ede3-ofb>
+
+Triple-DES Cipher
+
+=item B<idea idea-cbc idea-cfb idea-ecb idea-ofb>
+
+IDEA Cipher
+
+=item B<rc2 rc2-cbc rc2-cfb rc2-ecb rc2-ofb>
+
+RC2 Cipher
+
+=item B<rc4>
+
+RC4 Cipher
+
+=item B<rc5 rc5-cbc rc5-cfb rc5-ecb rc5-ofb>
+
+RC5 Cipher
+
+=back
+
+=head1 OPTIONS
+
+Details of which options are available depend on the specific command.
+This section describes some common options with common behavior.
+
+=head2 Common Options
+
+=over 4
+
+=item B<-help>
+
+Provides a terse summary of all options.
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Pass Phrase Options
+
+Several commands accept password arguments, typically using B<-passin>
+and B<-passout> for input and output passwords respectively. These allow
+the password to be obtained from a variety of sources. Both of these
+options take a single argument whose format is described below. If no
+password argument is given and a password is required then the user is
+prompted to enter one: this will typically be read from the current
+terminal with echoing turned off.
+
+=over 4
+
+=item B<pass:password>
+
+The actual password is B<password>. Since the password is visible
+to utilities (like 'ps' under Unix) this form should only be used
+where security is not important.
+
+=item B<env:var>
+
+Obtain the password from the environment variable B<var>. Since
+the environment of other processes is visible on certain platforms
+(e.g. ps under certain Unix OSes) this option should be used with caution.
+
+=item B<file:pathname>
+
+The first line of B<pathname> is the password. If the same B<pathname>
+argument is supplied to B<-passin> and B<-passout> arguments then the first
+line will be used for the input password and the next line for the output
+password. B<pathname> need not refer to a regular file: it could for example
+refer to a device or named pipe.
+
+=item B<fd:number>
+
+Read the password from the file descriptor B<number>. This can be used to
+send the data via a pipe for example.
+
+=item B<stdin>
+
+Read the password from standard input.
+
+=back
+
+=head1 SEE ALSO
+
+L<asn1parse(1)>, L<ca(1)>, L<ciphers(1)>, L<cms(1)>, L<config(5)>,
+L<crl(1)>, L<crl2pkcs7(1)>, L<dgst(1)>,
+L<dhparam(1)>, L<dsa(1)>, L<dsaparam(1)>,
+L<ec(1)>, L<ecparam(1)>,
+L<enc(1)>, L<engine(1)>, L<errstr(1)>, L<gendsa(1)>, L<genpkey(1)>,
+L<genrsa(1)>, L<nseq(1)>, L<ocsp(1)>,
+L<passwd(1)>,
+L<pkcs12(1)>, L<pkcs7(1)>, L<pkcs8(1)>,
+L<pkey(1)>, L<pkeyparam(1)>, L<pkeyutl(1)>,
+L<rand(1)>, L<rehash(1)>, L<req(1)>, L<rsa(1)>,
+L<rsautl(1)>, L<s_client(1)>,
+L<s_server(1)>, L<s_time(1)>, L<sess_id(1)>,
+L<smime(1)>, L<speed(1)>, L<spkac(1)>,
+L<ts(1)>,
+L<verify(1)>, L<version(1)>, L<x509(1)>,
+L<crypto(7)>, L<ssl(7)>, L<x509v3_config(5)>
+
+=head1 HISTORY
+
+The B<list->I<XXX>B<-algorithms> pseudo-commands were added in OpenSSL 1.0.0;
+For notes on the availability of other commands, see their individual
+manual pages.
+
+=head1 COPYRIGHT
+
+Copyright 2000-2017 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+
+Licensed under the OpenSSL license (the "License"). You may not use
+this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy
+in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
+L<https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.
+
+=cut